Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is a frequent ailment affecting cats. It involves the inflammation of the conjunctiva, a delicate mucous membrane that lines the inner eyelids and the surface of the eyeball. As a cat owner, it’s highly likely your feline companion will experience at least one episode of this condition during their lifetime.
The conjunctiva plays a vital role in maintaining eye health. According to Dr. Thomas Kern, a veterinary ophthalmologist at Cornell University, this membrane is crucial for lubrication. It acts as a pathway for tears, ensuring the eyeball remains moist and comfortable through blinking. Furthermore, the conjunctiva contains antibodies that help defend against eye infections. However, cats can carry various microorganisms, and their immune response to these, unfortunately, often leads to conjunctivitis. This inflammatory reaction to common bacteria and viruses is the primary cause of most feline conjunctivitis cases.
Recognizing the signs of conjunctivitis is essential for prompt care. The symptoms can manifest in one or both eyes and often involve the third eyelid, a protective membrane in the inner corner of the cat’s eye. Key indicators include squinting, increased blinking, and discharge. This discharge can vary; it might be clear and watery or thick and dark, depending on the underlying cause of the conjunctivitis. Redness and swelling of the conjunctiva and third eyelid are also typical signs of inflammation.
While environmental factors can trigger conjunctivitis, infections are the most common culprits. Irritants like dust, pollen, or chemical fumes can lead to allergic conjunctivitis in cats. However, viral and bacterial infections are far more prevalent. Feline herpesvirus and calicivirus are common viral causes, while bacteria such as Chlamydophila and Mycoplasma are frequent bacterial offenders. Additionally, cats with weakened immune systems, often due to Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) or Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV), are more susceptible to developing conjunctivitis.
Conjunctivitis can affect cats of any breed or gender and is not considered hereditary. However, age is a significant factor. Dr. Kern points out that while older cats can get conjunctivitis, it’s predominantly seen in younger cats, especially in environments with multiple cats like catteries. Young kittens are more likely to contract infections from older cats and spread them amongst themselves through close contact and play. While many cats develop immunity after an initial episode, cats carrying the herpesvirus may experience recurrent bouts of conjunctivitis throughout their lives, similar to cold sores in humans.
In many instances, feline conjunctivitis is a mild condition that resolves on its own without treatment. However, it’s crucial for cat owners to seek veterinary attention if their cat shows signs of eye discomfort or discharge. This is important to rule out more serious eye conditions. Veterinarians typically prescribe antibiotic eye drops or ointments, administered several times daily for a couple of weeks, to clear up the discharge and other symptoms. If herpesvirus is suspected, antiviral medications may be used alongside antibiotics. While antiviral drugs may not eliminate the herpesvirus entirely, they can help manage the infection on the eye’s surface and promote healing. Prompt veterinary care ensures your cat receives the appropriate treatment and recovers comfortably from conjunctivitis.
